墊圈是指墊在被連接件與螺(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu)之(zhi)間的零件。一般為扁平形的金屬環(huan)，用(yong)來保護被連接件的表(biao)面不受螺(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu)擦傷，分散螺(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu)對(dui)被連接件的壓(ya)力。

　　墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)分為(wei)：平(ping)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)-C級(ji)、大墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)-A和C級(ji)、特(te)大墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)-C級(ji)、小墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)-A級(ji)、平(ping)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)-A級(ji)、平(ping)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)-倒(dao)角(jiao)型(xing)-A級(ji)、鋼結構用(yong)高強度墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、球面墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、錐面墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、工字鋼用(yong)方(fang)斜墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、槽鋼用(yong)方(fang)斜墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、標準(zhun)型(xing)彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、輕型(xing)彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、重型(xing)彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、內齒(chi)鎖(suo)(suo)緊(jin)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、內鋸齒(chi)鎖(suo)(suo)緊(jin)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、外齒(chi)鎖(suo)(suo)緊(jin)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、外鋸齒(chi)鎖(suo)(suo)緊(jin)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、單耳止(zhi)動墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、雙耳止(zhi)動墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、外舌止(zhi)動墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、圓螺母用(yong)止(zhi)動墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。

　　平(ping)墊圈(quan)一(yi)般用(yong)在連(lian)接件中一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)(shi)軟(ruan)質(zhi)地(di)的(de)，一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)(shi)硬質(zhi)地(di)較脆的(de)，其主要作(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)(shi)增大(da)接觸面積，分散壓力(li)(li)，防(fang)止(zhi)把質(zhi)地(di)軟(ruan)的(de)壓壞。而彈(dan)簧墊圈(quan)的(de)彈(dan)簧的(de)基(ji)本(ben)作(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)(shi)再螺(luo)母擰緊之(zhi)后給螺(luo)母一(yi)個(ge)力(li)(li)，增大(da)螺(luo)母和螺(luo)栓之(zhi)間的(de)摩(mo)擦力(li)(li)!材料為65Mn(彈(dan)簧鋼(gang))、熱處理(li)硬度(du)為HRC44～51HRC，經表面氧化處理(li)。

　　不銹鋼墊片的(de)使(shi)用是非常的(de)普(pu)遍,在使(shi)用不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)墊(dian)片時,無論哪種類型,在惡劣使(shi)用環(huan)境中,應保(bao)證長時間的(de)有(you)效密封,否則不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)墊(dian)片的(de)使(shi)用作(zuo)用就會(hui)無效,會(hui)嚴(yan)重損零件或者其他工件的(de)正(zheng)常使(shi)用,因此我們在選擇不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)墊(dian)片時,應主語墊(dian)片要具備哪些(xie)特性(xing)。

　　不銹鋼墊片(pian)應(ying)具備的特性(xing):

　　1、氣密性:

　　對于密(mi)封(feng)系統的(de)介(jie)質,墊片在推薦的(de)溫(wen)度和壓力工(gong)作一定(ding)時間內不發(fa)生泄露。

　　2、可壓縮性(xing):

　　墊片和(he)法蘭(lan)的接觸(chu)面在連(lian)接螺栓緊固后,應能很好吻合,以保證密封(feng)。

　　3、抗(kang)蠕(ru)變性(xing):

　　墊(dian)片在壓力負荷和使(shi)用溫度的(de)影(ying)響下,抗蠕變(bian)性應較好,否則回造成(cheng)螺栓(shuan)扭(niu)距損(sun)失,導致墊(dian)片的(de)表面應力減小(xiao),從(cong)而硬氣系統泄露。

　　4、抗(kang)化學腐蝕(shi):

　　所選用的墊片應(ying)不(bu)受化學介(jie)質的腐蝕(shi),而且不(bu)能污染(ran)介(jie)質。

　　5、回彈性(xing):

　　即使在系統穩定的狀況下,相連接的兩個(ge)法蘭(lan)由于溫度和壓力的影(ying)響肯定會(hui)存在微小位移(yi),墊片的彈性功能應能彌補此位移(yi),以保證系統的密(mi)封(feng)性。

　　6、抗黏接性:

　　墊(dian)片在(zai)使用后應能方便的(de)從法蘭上拆除,不(bu)粘接(jie)。

　　7、無腐蝕性:

　　墊片應對(dui)連接的法蘭表面無腐蝕性(xing)。

　　8、耐溫(wen)度:

　　所選用的墊片應(ying)保證在系統(tong)的最低溫度和(he)最高溫度下正常(chang)使用。